http://ww2today.com/featured/diaries-of-world-war-ii
英國戰時日記匯總.
倫敦轟炸（The Blitz）是指在第二次世界大戰中納粹德國對英國首都倫敦實施的戰略轟炸。德國對英國的轟炸發生在1940年9月7日至1941年5月10日間，轟炸範圍遍及英國的各大城市和工業中心，但以倫敦受創最為嚴重。一直到不列顛戰役結束，倫敦已被轟炸超過76個晝夜，超過4.3萬名市民死亡，並有約10萬幢房屋被摧毀。倫敦因此成為第二次世界大戰期間遭受轟炸最為嚴重的三座城市之一（其他分別是柏林和重慶）。
由於閃電戰在歐洲大陸的成功，德國同樣試圖用「空中閃電戰」擊潰英國的防禦限度。由於海獅計劃的無限期推遲，德國空軍元帥戈林便制定了所謂鷹日計劃：對倫敦和各大工業城市實行不分晝夜，不分軍民的戰略轟炸。德國空軍的作戰方針使得英國皇家空軍有了充實隊伍的機會，使得英國的空中實力不降反升。皇家空軍逐漸恢復了制空權，並對德國本土實施了象徵性的轟炸。蘇德戰爭爆發後，轟炸終於不了了之。
到了1944年諾曼第登陸前夕，德國將最新研製的V-1飛彈和V-2飛彈布署在法國北部海岸，對盟國展開了最後一次空中進攻。直到1944年6月6日，8938名倫敦市民死於飛彈的襲擊。加上零星轟炸時死亡的人數，死亡人數超過6萬。
Graphic detail
英國戰時日記匯總.
維基百科，自由的百科全書
| 倫敦轟炸 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 第二次世界大戰歐洲戰場的一部分 | |||||||
 倫敦市民逃入地下鐵避難 |
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| 參戰方 | |||||||
 英國 |
 納粹德國 義大利王國[1] |
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| 指揮官和領導者 | |||||||
| 修·道丁 佛得李克·派爾 歐恩·圖得·波義德 勒塞爾·高塞吉 |
赫曼·戈林 | ||||||
| 兵力 | |||||||
| Anti-Aircraft Command Balloon Command |
每夜超過500架轟炸機 | ||||||
| 傷亡與損失 | |||||||
| 43,000名市民死亡, 100萬名市民受傷 1,023架戰鬥機 376架轟炸機 148 Coastal Command aircraft 1,041名飛行員 |
873架戰鬥機 1,015架轟炸機 2,698名飛行員 |
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由於閃電戰在歐洲大陸的成功，德國同樣試圖用「空中閃電戰」擊潰英國的防禦限度。由於海獅計劃的無限期推遲，德國空軍元帥戈林便制定了所謂鷹日計劃：對倫敦和各大工業城市實行不分晝夜，不分軍民的戰略轟炸。德國空軍的作戰方針使得英國皇家空軍有了充實隊伍的機會，使得英國的空中實力不降反升。皇家空軍逐漸恢復了制空權，並對德國本土實施了象徵性的轟炸。蘇德戰爭爆發後，轟炸終於不了了之。
到了1944年諾曼第登陸前夕，德國將最新研製的V-1飛彈和V-2飛彈布署在法國北部海岸，對盟國展開了最後一次空中進攻。直到1944年6月6日，8938名倫敦市民死於飛彈的襲擊。加上零星轟炸時死亡的人數，死亡人數超過6萬。
Graphic detail
Charts, maps and infographics
Mapping the Blitz
Echoes of an air raid
Dec 7th 2012, 19:06 by P.K.
A NAGGING mystery has bothered me since moving into a
ground-floor flat seven years ago. On a North London street lined with
typical Victorian townhouses, the adjoining terrace house has a modern
brick front and lacks the customary bay windows. In addition, there is
extra, modern brickwork at the back and strange black patterns seared
into the masonry that look suspiciously like blast marks.
I have long wondered if they were the scars from a bomb dropped during the second world war. But no amount of online searching offered any evidence to support this. What I did discover a few years back was that the Metropolitan Archives in London hold hand-colored Ordnance Survey maps drawn up immediately at the end of the war, detailing the varying levels of architectural damage. They became the basis of the "Abercrombie Plan" for the rebuilding of London.
On your correspondents' "to-do list" is the perpetually unfulfilled intention to visit the archives in the hope of finally discovering the history behind of the strange "enhancements" to the building. So it was with a strange feeling of satisfaction—if that is the right word for the atrocity of the Blitz in which 20,000 people were killed—that I came across a website that went live today called Bomb Sight. It has geo-referenced maps from The National Archive and plotted every bomb that fell on what was then the County of London between October 1940 and June 1941 with a red marker (an example is below).
The site allows the amateur historian or researcher to
"explore statistics for different areas and see how many bombs fell in
different wards and boroughs in London," and it includes extra
information in pop-up windows, such as images and personal testimonials.
The sheer volume of clustered little red symbols is breathtaking and
horrifying. It brings home the scale of the onslaught that London
endured. One is forced to pause, but then, as curiosity gets the better
of you, one begins to drill down. Just as with Google's Street View, if
you're a London resident the first location you probably look up is your
own road. The project is funded by Jisc, a charity for education and research related to digital technology.
And the answer to the question that I harboured for so long? It turns out that my street had been bombed in the 1940s. But as I discovered with an equally strange sense of disappointment, the bomb symbol plotted on the map was situated at the opposite end of the road from my home, which would explain the double sized garden that now backs onto a house there. On further inspection, when I clicked on the symbol itself, the information was even more vague: "High-Explosive Bomb recorded close to...."
"Close to"? Hmmm. Perhaps, in the chaos at the time, an accurate location was never recorded for the exact building. Next door could still have been the actual site of the strike. Maybe I'll never know. As one who works with maps, I know that it is often better to go to the original source material. I won't cross that trip to the archives off my to-do list just yet.
I have long wondered if they were the scars from a bomb dropped during the second world war. But no amount of online searching offered any evidence to support this. What I did discover a few years back was that the Metropolitan Archives in London hold hand-colored Ordnance Survey maps drawn up immediately at the end of the war, detailing the varying levels of architectural damage. They became the basis of the "Abercrombie Plan" for the rebuilding of London.
On your correspondents' "to-do list" is the perpetually unfulfilled intention to visit the archives in the hope of finally discovering the history behind of the strange "enhancements" to the building. So it was with a strange feeling of satisfaction—if that is the right word for the atrocity of the Blitz in which 20,000 people were killed—that I came across a website that went live today called Bomb Sight. It has geo-referenced maps from The National Archive and plotted every bomb that fell on what was then the County of London between October 1940 and June 1941 with a red marker (an example is below).
And the answer to the question that I harboured for so long? It turns out that my street had been bombed in the 1940s. But as I discovered with an equally strange sense of disappointment, the bomb symbol plotted on the map was situated at the opposite end of the road from my home, which would explain the double sized garden that now backs onto a house there. On further inspection, when I clicked on the symbol itself, the information was even more vague: "High-Explosive Bomb recorded close to...."
"Close to"? Hmmm. Perhaps, in the chaos at the time, an accurate location was never recorded for the exact building. Next door could still have been the actual site of the strike. Maybe I'll never know. As one who works with maps, I know that it is often better to go to the original source material. I won't cross that trip to the archives off my to-do list just yet.
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