by Simon Winchester
260pp, Oxford, £12.99
In 1858 the members of the Philological Society decided that work
should begin on a "New Dictionary of the English Language". Seventy
years and more than £300,000 later, A New English Dictionary on
Historical Principles - what we now know as the OED - was first
published in its entirety. Simon Winchester, whose popular book The
Surgeon of Crowthorne told the odd story of the murderer who, from his
cell in Broadmoor, contributed thousands of illustrative quotations to
the dictionary, now offers a brief account of the whole enterprise.
He first sprints through the development of language in Britain and
sketches the development of monolingual lexicography, from Robert
Cawdrey's 1604 dictionary which advertised itself as being "for the
benefit of Ladies, Gentlewomen, or any other unskilfull persons", to
Samuel Johnson and Noah Webster.
Then we come to the story of the OED itself and its early editors:
Samuel Taylor Coleridge's grandson Herbert, brilliant but sickly,
whose dying words were, according to legend, "I must begin Sanskrit
tomorrow"; and Frederick Furnivall, who recruited pretty young women
from Hammersmith cafés to induct them into his sculling club.
Work on the dictionary was at best sporadic; finally, in 1879,
red-bearded Scotsman James Murray was appointed editor and became the
hero of the story. We see him erect his first Scriptorium - a
corrugated-iron shed in his garden - to house his assistants, and to
shelve the hundreds of thousands of quotation slips sent in by
volunteers. He battles against interfering superiors and moves to
Oxford, where the local post office erects a shiny new red pillar box
right outside his house to handle the volume of correspondence.
Winchester explains well the enormous labours involved in compiling
even four pages, and his notion of the OED as a triumph of Victorian
engineering is apposite.
According to the lovably irascible Murray, the poet Browning used
words "without regard to their proper meaning". Worryingly, so does
Winchester. He tells us that the Shakespearean word "vastidity" means
"big". (As the OED itself confirms, it means the quality of being very
big, or "vastness".) He declaims grandiloquently that the OED "...
quite literally, would be classically democratic". (It was, of course,
not "literally" democratic, since the editor had absolute power in
writing the final definitions.)
Winchester is besotted with ungrammatical constructions - which defect
seems allied to his peculiar strivings for genteel archaism, as when
he calls a year a "twelvemonth", or refers to a short rest as a
"period of quietude". He is also in love with hyperbole (he refers to
a group of dining academics as "a stellar gathering of intellect,
rarely either assembled or able to be assembled since"). Most gruesome
of all are Winchester's attempts at pseudo-novelistic colour. People
at a ball in 1928 apparently "whirled like stately dervishes". This is
popular history that, though it is published by the august Oxford
University Press itself, feels no need even to pay lip-service to
"historical principles".
· Steven Poole's Trigger Happy is published by Fourth Estate.
Taiwan, 2005
OED的故事
人類史上最浩大的編纂工程
‧作者:賽門‧溫契斯特Simon Winchester
‧譯者::林秀梅
‧定價:320元/頁數:280頁/
【基本資料 |序曲|書摘 1|書摘 2 】
OED的故事
人類史上最浩大的編纂工程
【基本資料|序曲 |書摘 1 |書摘 2 】
入圍2004年「大英圖書獎」歷史類書籍
溫契斯特有一流作家必備的華麗筆觸,我一口氣讀完《OED的故事:人類史上最浩大的編纂工程》,欲罷不能。──哈洛‧卜倫(HaroldBloom),耶魯大學英國文學教授
一九二八年,耗時七十一年的《牛津英語大辭典》(簡稱OED)
十九世紀中葉,英國有錢有閒的維多利亞知識份子組成的「
幕後的點點滴滴,有險惡,有勾心鬥角,有執著,
作者溫契斯特調閱牛津大學出版社檔案,
▼ 作者簡介
賽門‧溫契斯特Simon Winchester
作家、探險家。牛津大學地質系畢業後,擔任《衛報》(
Times)的海外特派員,待過貝爾發斯特、新德里、紐約、
Surgeon of Crowthorne),描述英格蘭精神療養院的殺人犯──
Crack in the Edge of the World)、《克拉卡托亞火山爆發記》(Krakatoa)、
Map That Changed the World),以及《世界中央的河流》(The River at the Center of the
World)、《大英帝國邊境》(Outposts)
▼ 譯者簡介
林秀梅
台灣大學外文系碩士。譯有《新動物園》、《雄性暴力》、《
▼ 目錄
序曲 Prologue
1 測量規模1. Taking the Measure of it All
2 分類與架構 2. The Construction of the Pigeonholes
3 指揮大局 3. The General Officer Commanding
4 蜂擁而回的詞彙大軍4. Battling the Undertow
5 穿越文字密林 5. Pushing through the Untrodden Forest
6 緩如牛步 6. So Heavily Goes the Chariot
7 隱士、殺人犯與形形色色的辭典義工 7. The Hermit and the Murderer - and Hereward
Thimble by Price
8 光榮告別8. From Take to Turndown - and then, Triumphal Valediction
尾聲/恆常復始 Epilogue: And Always Beginning Again
書目與延伸閱讀Bibliography and Further Reading
Index
Picture Acknowledgements
謝詞
******
萬物之要義―《牛津英語詞典》編纂記(簡體書) | ||||||
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